Archive for May, 2009

Decoration Day, now called Memorial Day, is here! May 25th marks 2009’s American holiday that commemorates U.S. men and women who lost their lives while serving in the military. This year we would like to honor not only those who gave their lives for our country, but those who sacrificed their health, mental well being, and way of living.
Mathew Drake, one of an estimated 300,000 U.S. veterans of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq who have suffered head injuries, was critically wounded by a suicide bomber while serving in Iraq in 2004. He was unable to speak for three months after sustaining a brain and spine injury in a blast. Five years later he lives in a supported living apartment as on of the “lucky” ones who managed a degree of recovery.
Kim Tanner was a truck driver for the Army, delivering supplies and weapons throughout Iraq. After surviving multiple roadside explosions during his tour he has been discharged with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unable to work more than part-time, suffering from memory loss, speech impairment, and hearing loss, Tanner has paid an incredibly high price for his service to our country.
Drake and Tanner’s are only two stories among thousands.
Many veterans are coming home to bills that they can’t pay, families who are unprepared for the mental, physical, and financial strain of caring for a disabled relative, and a system that provides inadequate support for their injuries.
According to the US army, up to 20% of its soldiers have suffered from a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Armo
red conveyances and superior helmets can’t protect the delicate brain tissue from shock waves created by the roadside bombs that are common in both Iraq and Afghanistan.
The effects from these blasts can take weeks, months or even years to fully manifest. This can prevent time-dependent care and a proper diagnosis. The confusion between PTSD symptoms and those of a TBI can further confuse treatment.
As TBI incidences increase, the US government has upped their priority level. One resource, the Defense and Ve
terans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC) in Washington DC, is set up to help military personnel who’ve suffered brain injuries. In 2007 $900 million was allocated by congress for research and treatment of battlefield TBIs and PTSD. This was followed by George Bush’s re-authorization of the Traumatic Brain Injury Act. This act is designed to improve federal health care and treatment for civilians and soldiers with TBIs.

Some of the research areas currently receiving special attention are early or immediate identification of TBIs, clarifying the symptoms (TBI vs. PTSD), and proper diagnosis.
Of course, prevention would be the best route to take, but in a wartime environment, options are limited.
Civilian groups such as The Bob Woodruff Foundation provide “resources and support to service members, veterans and their families to successfully reintegrate into their communities” and other like the Iraq War Veterans Organization, Inc helps organize and represent returning soldiers. These two are excellent examples of available resources created by caring family members and communities that appreciate what our soldiers have provided our country.
On this memorial day we’d like to take a moment to thank those who have given up so much, who have worked so hard to assist, and who lost their lives in the effort.
“It’s more life therapy…more daily living,” Drake says, “…what do you want to do and how can we do it? If there is an obstacle what do we have to do to work around it? Never give up. Everyone needs to know life’s not over after an injury. It may be more difficult, but don’t give up.”
Image from here.
While treatment of anoxic brain injury depends on the cause, some of the more familiar methods include barbiturates to slow down brain activity, medications such as steroids to reduce swelling, oxygen therapy, hyperbaric treatments, and cooling techniques.
For anoxic injury survivors who have tried the “old” methods and are hoping for a new and improved approach, there aren’t a whole lot of options to choose from, but we wanted to make sure people were aware of one treatment that, so far, has some significant promise.
Anoxic brain injuries are due to a restricted or cutoff flow of oxygen to the brain. The brain, starved of oxygen, is unable to perform its usual functions and cells begin to die. The more limited the flow, the more damage is done. Injuries run the gamut depending on the length of time the brain goes without this vital requirement, from memory impairment to a loss of speech and the ability to communicate. Causes include everything from attempted suicide by hanging to assault – anything that can potentially cut off the flow of blood to the head.
Not long ago, it was discovered that the use of a drug meant to treat insomnia had an intriguing side affect: it could temporarily improve the brain function in a patient who developed akinetic mutism (the inability to speak or move) due to a failed suicide attempt by hanging. The anoxic brain injury she suffered was “reversed” for up to three hours after taking this medication called zolpidem.
She could walk, talk, and read during the time the drug was effective. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans showed that the drug increased her brain metabolism allowing for a temporary return of her cognitive abilities. The study of this particular patient suggests that her recovery may be due to an activation of neural circuits in her brain that control movement and speech.
The study, printed in Annals of Neurology, March 2007, wasn’t the first of its kind or the last. There are a handful of others that show zolpidem’s effectiveness in temporarily improving a variety of anoxic damage results.
With additional therapy such as physical, occupational, speech, and neuropsychology, could this drug make a real difference in the lives of those with anoxic brain injuries?
Until more studies are done, we have no way of telling for sure just how many people might benefit from this drug or others like it. Recovery can take months, years, and often it’s never achieved. We can help by spreading the word about lesser known treatments, trials, and studies. Ask your doctor, subscribe to neurology publications, and most of all, don’t give up hope!
Image from here.







