“A steaming bathtub and a group of bathers will make their way down Nicollet Mall Tuesday for the launch of a Hennepin County Medical Center campaign to prevent traumatic brain injury.

The rolling shower scene is meant to draw attention to the number one cause of traumatic brain injury: falls. The tub will travel…accompanied by campaign workers in bathrobes and slippers.”

This news item in the downtownjournal caught our attention. What a great way to bring awareness to an important topic! It’s easy to imagine the number of people who will notice this spectacle - people who may never have given traumatic brain injury (TBI) a second thought.

I think this highlights the importance of creativity when trying to create public awareness of TBI and spinal cord injuries (SCI). There is so much information thrown at us these days that its hard to sift through it and still hear the important messages. Perhaps we need to think of more ways to create “rolling shower scene” type scenarios… just a thought!

Q: What are the most common results of a spinal cord injury?

A: Depending on the particular injury sustained, there are a wide variety of primary and secondary complications that can result from a spinal cord injury.

Damage to the nerve fibers that carry motor signals to the brain through severing or compression can lead to muscle paralysis and loss of sensations such as those experienced through touch or pressure. Other potential effects are loss of bladder control, muscle contractions, decreased breathing capacity, exaggerated reflexes, over or under sensitivity to temperature changes, lasting pain, impaired sexual functioning and issues with bowel control.

Some of the most common secondary effects are increased blood pressure, sweating, pressure sores and an increased susceptibility to respiratory ailments.

Typically any of these functions that are lost will be regained within six months, if they are to return at all. After that point your chances of recuperation decreases greatly. This is why it is so important to make sure you receive proper care immediately after sustaining a spinal cord injury.

A spinal cord injury results in a profound emotional response from both the survivor and his or her friends as family, as they try to come to terms with what has happened and understand what the future holds. During the time following a spinal cord injury, there are three things that survivors and their family should know.

1. Factors Affecting Recovery

The first thing that new spinal cord injury survivors must know is what factors will affect their recovery. The severity of the injury, area of the spinal cord that was damaged, and which nerve fibers were damaged will all factor in to the types of long-term disabilities the survivor will face.

How quickly treatment is accessed following the spinal cord injury will also be a major factor in recovery, as well as the type and amount of rehabilitation. In general, a combination of physical therapy, vocational rehabilitation, counseling, and recreational therapy will be used.

2. Why There is No Cure for Spinal Cord Injury

After the survivor knows what will potentially affect recovery, he or she will want to know why there aren’t any cures for spinal cord injury. The reason there are no cures is that spinal cord injury is extremely complicated. When the axons in the spinal cord are crushed or torn beyond repair, a chain of biochemical and cellular events strip axons of their myelin insulation and cause an inflammatory response. The inflammatory response causes additional damage. The damage results in the damaged area of the spinal cord not being able to pass messages from the brain to the body.

3. If There Will Ever Be a Cure for Spinal Cord Injury

The third thing that every spinal cord injury survivor wants to know is if there will ever be a cure. Currently, there are no therapies or treatments in the works designed to reverse changes to the body. However, there are some therapies being studied that may restore some level of function to some people.

As summer sports season starts to wane and fall rests on the horizon, we’d like to remind everyone of the need to deck kids out in the proper safety equipment for their sport.

According to the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, an estimated 4.4 million kids between the ages of five and 18 are treated in emergency rooms each year for sports related injuries. The use of some simple protective gear will go a long way to help minimize harmful effects.

Helmets help to prevent concussions which can be caused by a blow or jolt to the head in sports such as football, baseball and softball. Children are resilient, and often will be up and running around shortly after an injury, so it’s important to check them for signs of dizziness, feelings of being faint or lapses in memory. All of these symptoms are indicators of a potential concussion.

Dr. Divine, the director for the center, stressed in a recent Medical News Today article the need for “coaches, trainers and parents to be observant of head injury symptoms because athletes may not report them…of utmost importance, athletes younger than 18 who have any post-blow-to-the-head symptoms affecting their thought process should not return to the same practice, game or contest and be evaluated by a physician prior to return to play.”

Did you know that motor vehicle accidents are the number one cause of spinal cord injuries in kids? Not surprising, an estimated 70 percent of these injuries happened to children who were not wearing seat belts.

Even a small impact, such as a minor rear-ending, can cause potential spinal cord damage. Here are some of the symptoms to look for:

Flaccid extremties

Paralysis

Numbness or paresthesias (sensations such as tingling or burning)

Paresis or weakness

Priaprism

Incontinence of bowel or bladder

Injuries to the spinal cord are difficult to discover in children, so it’s necessary to closely monitor for these signs as well as indicators of pain or poor reflexes.

While we can’t always prevent an injury, we can work to limit the damage by acting quickly after an accident.

Don’t let your disability keep you inside this summer! This week’s tech report is on products that will make the beach comfortably accessible.

Beach wheelchairs are a great way to get out and about and enjoy the sunshine and they make accessing any sandy waterfront affordable and fun. The De-Bug by Achievable Concepts is a four wheeled, fixed frame all-terrain wheelchair. It is made with stainless steel tubing, has 21 by 11 inch front tires and 13 by 6 inch rear tires along with padded armrests and sling seating. The rear suspension articulates 20 degrees which allows all four wheels to maintain ground contact, creating stability, while the large front tires are said to make it easier to push.

Another all-terrain chair is the Landeez All-Terrain Wheelchair. This one can not only traverse the sand, but can also maneuver through water, snow or mud. Different in form from the De-Bug, the Landeez’s rear tires are large with a soft PVC plastic pneumatic design that absorbs road shocks. They are also made with stainless steel frames and have a 325 pound weight capacity.

These are just two examples of wheelchairs that provide access to nature’s attractions…we don’t advocate for any in particular as they all have a variety of different features and fits that will appeal to different people. Check them out and find one that fits you!

Here are a couple of sites to get you started on your wheelchair search:

Achievable Concepts

Landeez

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There are two new groundbreaking developments in paralysis and spinal cord research. These are peripheral nerve re-routing, and suppression of scar formation and spinal cord regeneration.

Peripheral Nerve Re-Routing

Peripheral nerve re-routing entails taking the peripheral nerves above the point of injury, and surgically rerouting them so they are connected to peripheral nerves below the injury site. This allows new functional connections between the brain and previously dormant muscle or sensory system to be created.

Peripheral nerve re-routing has been around for about 100 years, and has been attempted on hundreds of patients with spinal cord injuries. While peripheral nerve re-routing can’t completely cure a spinal cord injury, it can allow for various degrees of improvement. For example, patients with C1 to C4 injuries have experienced improved respiratory function following the procedure, while some arm and hand function has been returned to patients with C5 through C9 injuries. Patients with lower spinal cord injuries have, in some cases, seen improvement in leg function.

Suppression of Scar Formation and Spinal Cord Regeneration

This theory is based on the idea that traumatic spinal cord injury causes inflammation, as well as lack of a cell—called glia—where the nerve fibers are damaged. The result is the formation of a fibrous meshwork of dense scar tissue that prevents axons from regenerating. Suppression of scar formation and spinal cord regeneration is a two-pronged approach designed to reverse the process of scarring and promote the healing of nerve fibers.

During this procedure, scar tissue is suppressed or removed in order to promote axon growth across sites of the injury. Second, a therapy designed to restore glia, such as stem cell therapy, is used to regenerate the spinal cord. While studies in humans is still relatively new, studies on animals have shown significant promise.

Four men are “wheeling” across Canada with the use of hand cycles in order to bring awareness and generate donations to research for conditions such as concussive head injury and Alzheimer’s. They believe that a donation of 30 cents by each Canadian citizen for “breakthrough” research will allow them to walk again.

This research comes from a Canadian research team at McMaster University in Hamilton. Dr. Michel Rathbone and Dr. Shucui Jiang successfully regenerated nerves in the chronically damaged spinal cords of rats with the use of adult enteric glia cells. These cells are abundant in human and animal intestines and have been found to support the nervous system.

The enteric glia cells were grown in cell cultures and then transplanted into the rat’s spinal cords where they stimulated nerves to grow, reducing the damage in the spinal cord. These cells are not only stable, they have bypassed the problem of tissue rejection by the host. In addition, this team of scientists found that a naturally occurring molecule in the body, guanosine, stimulates stem cells already present in the spinal cord to grow and develop into cells that insulate the nerve processes.

Even more interesting, this medical approach and application can be used on other diseases as well, including those of the brain.

To progress beyond animal testing, the researchers need support. You don’t have to be Canadian to pitch it - visit Wheel to Walk for more information!

We mentioned last week the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Act (H.R. 1727) and there was a bit of confusion. To clear things up, here is a direct description from the Christopher Reeve Foundation Website, should you wish to assist in passing this bill:

“In an attempt to move legislation before the August recess, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) introduced S. 3297, Advancing America’s Priorities Act, a legislative package which contains approximately three dozen bipartisan, non-controversial bills that have been passed by the U.S. House of Representatives, the respective Senate Committees and have been awaiting Senate action. The Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Act (CDRPA), S.1183, has been included in this package which is expected to be debated in the Senate later this week.

NOW is the time to act to help pass legislation that will encourage multi-disciplinary consortia style research to enhance understanding and speed discovery of better treatments and cures; support rehabilitation research; and, build quality of life programs to promote independent living, self-sufficiency and equality of opportunity for individuals with paralysis and mobility impairments.

STATUS: The Senate is expected to debate S. 3297 later this week and into early next week. Your help is urgently needed to pass the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Act.

ACTION: Contact both of your US Senators NOW and urge them to support Advancing America’s Priorities Act, S. 3297, which includes the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Act, S.1183.

CALL: Click here to identify your federal legislators and find their contact information. The most effective way is to call or write them directly. If you know your Senators, call the Capitol Switchboard at 202-224-3121 right now! Here is the message you should convey:

Please ask Senator _____________ to support Advancing America’s Priorities Act, S.3297, which includes the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Act, S.1183. The Reeve Paralysis Act encourages collaborative research in paralysis, will hasten the discovery of treatments and potential cures and will improve the quality of life for millions of Americans living with paralysis. Please ask the Senator to vote for passage of S. 3297, Advancing America’s Priorities Act.

WRITE: A fax or an email from you is very impactful, but time is of the essence. For a sample letter click here.”