An epidural hematoma occurs when a blood vessel ruptures between the outermost membrane of the brain and the skull. The blood that leaks between the two areas results in a mass, which causes brain tissue to be compressed.
Causes of Epidural Hematoma
The most common cause of epidural hematoma is skull fracture. Skull fracture occurs as a result of a forceful blow to the head, such as those sustained in a motorcycle accident, car accident, or other traumatic accident or fall. Epidural hematomas are more common in children and teenagers than they are in adults.
Symptoms of Epidural Hematoma
Most victims of epidural hematoma become extremely lethargic or unconscious from the moment the injury occurs. For those that remain conscious, other signs and symptoms include:
Prognosis for Epidural Hematoma
Without prompt treatment, death is often the result of epidural hematoma. Treatment often consists of surgery, as well as drugs designed to reduce and control the amount of swelling in the brain. The degree and rate of recovery varies from patient to patient, but in general children recover more quickly than adults. Seizure, which can most often be controlled with medication, is a common long-term complication.